Check seals on water bottles carefully; if the seal has been tampered with, the bottle may have been refilled with tap water.

Wipe off the lip of any bottle or can before drinking or pouring from it.

Consider nondisposable glasses and cups unsanitary; drink from original containers and use sanitary straws, or carry your own cups.

Boil untreated water to purify it. Use both a filter and iodine tablets if bottled or boiled water is not available.

Avoid ice, fruit juice and any drinks made with tap water, such as mixed drinks or lemonade.

Brush your teeth with bottled water, and make sure to rinse your toothbrush with bottled water. Try not to swallow water when taking a shower.

Avoid any foods that may be rinsed in water, including salads, raw fruits and raw vegetables. Also stay away from dairy products if there’s a question about pasteurization.

Eat meat, poultry and fish only if they are well-cooked, and make sure that cooked food is served hot. Some fish from contaminated waters may be toxic even after cooking; if there is any doubt, do without.